Pre-Flight Checks
The BUMFISH mnemonic (Brakes, Undercarriage, Mixture, Fuel, Instruments, Switches, Hydraulics) laid out in checklist order, with VFR and IFR weather minimums for reference before every flight.
BUMFISH · VFR minima · IFR minima8 essential reference sheets in one printable PDF — pre-flight, weather, communications, navigation, emergencies, airspace, V-speeds, and radio telephony.
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Designed for student pilots and recreational flyers who want fast access to the most critical reference material. Formatted for printing at A4 or Letter size — keep it in your flight bag, study folder, or pin it to the wall.
Each sheet is a concise, print-ready reference covering a core area of pilot knowledge — built around ICAO standards and real-world operations.
The BUMFISH mnemonic (Brakes, Undercarriage, Mixture, Fuel, Instruments, Switches, Hydraulics) laid out in checklist order, with VFR and IFR weather minimums for reference before every flight.
BUMFISH · VFR minima · IFR minimaAll 15 METAR groups decoded at a glance — station ID, observation time, auto flag, wind, visibility, RVR, present weather, cloud layers, temperature/dewpoint, altimeter, and remarks. Includes a colour-coding guide for quick-scan reading.
All 15 groups · Colour coding guideStandard ATC callouts for departure, en route, and arrival phases. Covers readback requirements, position reports, and the correct format for initial contact with a controller. Based on ICAO Doc 4444.
Standard callouts · Readback requirementsThe MAYDAY and PAN-PAN call formats in full, squawk 7700 procedures, engine failure memory items, and the universal distress communication checklist — clear and unambiguous when it matters most.
MAYDAY format · Squawk 7700ICAO Classes A through G in a single reference table — controlled vs uncontrolled, speed limits (250 KIAS below FL100), IFR/VFR permissions, pilot licence requirements, equipment requirements, and separation services provided.
Classes A–G · Speed limits · RequirementsAll critical V-speeds defined: Vne (never exceed), Vno (normal operating), Va (manoeuvring), Vfe (flap extension), Vs (stall clean), Vs0 (stall landing config), Vx (best angle climb), Vy (best rate climb).
Vne · Vno · Va · Vfe · Vs · Vs0 · Vx · VyTVMDC (True, Variation, Magnetic, Deviation, Compass) explained step by step. Wind correction angle (WCA), ETA calculation formula, and fuel burn calculations for practical dead reckoning navigation without GPS dependency.
TVMDC · WCA · ETA · Fuel burnCommon aviation radio frequencies including Guard (121.5 MHz / 243.0 MHz), international VOLMET stations, ATIS format guide, and a compact Q-code quick-reference (QNH, QFE, QDM, QTE, and more) for HF and VHF operations.
Common frequencies · Q-codes · ATISEnter your name and email address below and we’ll send the PDF straight to your inbox. No spam — just useful aviation content.
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